Hidden heart attack risk: 30-yr-old had artery blockage despite a zero calcium test score, diet and weight check
The Indian Express • • health
Key Points:
- Coronary calcium scans detect calcified plaque and estimate long-term cardiovascular risk, while CT coronary angiograms provide detailed images of arteries, revealing narrowing, blockages, and soft, non-calcified plaques.
- Soft plaque is more common in individuals with diabetes, obesity, and a history of smoking, as these conditions promote early-stage plaque formation that may not be detected by calcium scans.
- Even with favorable lipid profiles, elevated LDL cholesterol levels above aggressive preventive targets can indicate higher risk, warranting treatment such as high-dose statins.
- Statins not only lower LDL cholesterol but also stabilize soft plaques by promoting calcification and reducing inflammation, thereby decreasing the risk of heart attacks.
- A zero-calcium score is reassuring but may not exclude early soft plaque in younger adults with risk factors; further evaluation with CT coronary angiography can provide a more comprehensive assessment.