Nanoparticles can genetically modify several human cell types
Phys.org • • health
Key Points:
- Researchers at the University of Michigan have developed protein nanoparticles to deliver gene therapies to human cells, aiming to reduce side effects associated with viral vectors commonly used in current treatments.
- In proof-of-concept experiments, the nanoparticles successfully delivered genes encoding green fluorescent protein to liver cancer, kidney, and immune cells, which then expressed the new genes without integrating DNA into the genome.
- Unlike virus-based methods that can cause immune reactions and secondary cancers by inserting genes into the genome, these nanoparticles release genetic material in cells without permanent genome alteration, potentially improving safety.
- The nanoparticles are created using electrohydrodynamic jetting, combining proteins like serum albumin with DNA or RNA, and are designed to escape cellular compartments to release genetic material efficiently.
- While effects of delivered genes are temporary, requiring potential booster doses, future developments may incorporate CRISPR-Cas9 for precise genome editing, with ongoing studies planned to assess therapeutic potential and side effects.
