
Scientists Found a 'Yellow Brick Road' at The Bottom of The Ocean
Key Points:
- In 2022, the exploration vessel Nautilus discovered an ancient dried-up lakebed with a yellow brick road-like formation on the Liliʻuokalani ridge, part of the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument north of Hawaii.
- The formation consists of fractured hyaloclastite volcanic rock with unique 90-degree fractures, likely caused by heating and cooling stresses from multiple eruptions.
- Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument is one of the largest marine conservation areas globally, yet only about 3 percent of its seafloor has been explored.
- Studies reveal humans have visually explored between 0.0006 and 0.001 percent of the deep seafloor,














