Timeline of recent US-Cuba relations amid fresh tensions

Key Points:

• Former Cuban President Raúl Castro was indicted by the U.S. on May 20 for his alleged role in the 1996 shootdown of two planes operated by the Miami-based exile group Brothers to the Rescue, during his tenure as defense minister.
• The indictment is part of the Trump administration's escalating pressure campaign against Cuba, including economic blockades, sanctions, and calls for regime change following U.S. military actions in Venezuela and tensions with Iran.
• Throughout 2020 and 2021, there were multiple diplomatic interactions between U.S. officials, including CIA Director John Ratcliffe, and Cuban representatives, including Castro’s grandson, indicating ongoing, albeit tense, dialogue.
• Cuba has resisted U.S. demands such as the release of political prisoners and rejected ultimatums, while President Miguel Díaz-Canel has vowed not to resign and warned against potential U.S. military aggression.
• Despite threats and sanctions, U.S. officials stated there was no imminent military action planned against Cuba, and offers of humanitarian aid and infrastructure support were reportedly extended but not accepted by the Cuban government.