Here's how much coffee is safe to drink every day, research says

Key Points:

• The American Heart Association's recent review found that most adults can safely consume up to five cups of black coffee daily (about 400 mg of caffeine) without increasing cardiovascular disease risk.
• Added sugars, flavored syrups, and dairy in coffee can negate health benefits by substantially increasing caloric intake, so the findings apply primarily to black coffee.
• High caffeine doses from energy drinks, which contain three to four times more caffeine per fluid ounce than coffee, may harm the heart by raising blood pressure or causing irregular heart rhythms and should be avoided.
• Drinking caffeinated coffee without additives was linked to lower risks of Type 2 diabetes, heart disease, stroke, heart failure, and some arrhythmias, but unfiltered coffee types like espresso or French press may raise "bad" cholesterol levels.
• Individual responses to caffeine vary based on factors such as age, genetics, medications, and health conditions, so no universal safe caffeine consumption guideline exists; further research is needed on caffeine's effects from different sources.