Millions of cancer cases are linked to 5 common infections: study

Key Points:

• A new study in The Lancet Oncology estimates that 2.3 million new cancer cases in 2024, or 12% of all cases globally, are linked to infectious diseases, highlighting the significant role infections play in cancer development.
• Helicobacter pylori, a common stomach bacterium affecting over half the world's population, is linked to 760,000 cancer cases by causing chronic stomach inflammation that can lead to stomach cancer; prevention includes hygiene and completing antibiotic treatments.
• Human papillomavirus (HPV) accounts for 750,000 cancer cases, mainly cervical cancer, but also other types; effective vaccination and safe sex practices are key preventive measures recommended by health authorities.
• Hepatitis B and C infections contribute to liver cancer, with hepatitis B responsible for 360,000 cases and preventable by vaccine, while hepatitis C causes 160,000 cases and is treatable but lacks a vaccine.
• Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), infecting about 90% of people worldwide, is linked to 260,000 cancer cases including nasopharyngeal cancer and lymphoma; it spreads through saliva, so avoiding sharing personal items can reduce risk.