Japan says low-cost combat drones are essential to its defense

Key Points:

• Japan's government emphasizes the need to adapt to new warfare technologies such as drones and artificial intelligence, inspired by their use in Ukraine and the Middle East, and is prioritizing the development of combat drones for coastal defense alongside long-range missiles.
• The 598-page defense white paper identifies China as Japan’s biggest strategic challenge, highlighting concerns over increased Chinese warship activity in the Pacific and China's rapid military expansion, including nuclear and missile capabilities.
• Japan is strengthening its military presence on southwestern islands and deploying long-range cruise missiles amid fears of conflict over Taiwan, while also expressing concern over China-Russia joint military operations and North Korea’s advancing missile programs.
• The government is boosting its defense industry by funding startups and scientific research, encouraging the conversion of dual-use technology for military purposes, and easing restrictions on lethal weapons exports to enhance Japan’s defense production and international arms sales.
• Recent defense deals include joint development and transfer of upgraded frigates to Australia, potential agreements with New Zealand, and the sale of retired destroyers to the Philippines, reflecting Japan’s efforts to strengthen defense partnerships.