'Soft power' is a buzzword these days. What is it exactly? : NPR

Key Points:

• The concept of "soft power," popularized by Joseph Nye, refers to a country's ability to influence others through attraction and cultural appeal rather than coercion or payment, and is currently a topic of debate in Washington, D.C. regarding the impact of Trump's foreign aid cuts.
• Experts note that American soft power has declined recently due to a shift toward hard power and economic power, with reductions in foreign aid and withdrawal from international organizations contributing to this trend.
• Scholars emphasize that soft power manifests through cultural influence, education programs like the Fulbright Program, humanitarian aid, and positive perceptions of a country's values and policies, which can shape global attitudes and alliances over time.
• Despite setbacks under the Trump administration, U.S. soft power remains significant and sophisticated in regions like Africa, though global perceptions are mixed, with some countries showing increased interest in alternatives like China.
• The ongoing war in Iran and perceived American self-interest are currently challenging U.S. soft power, with long-term reputational effects expected to become clearer in the coming years.